How a Bill Becomes Law in Ontario

Ontario's laws are made by the Legislative Assembly of Ontario at Queen's Park in Toronto. A proposed law is called a bill.

The steps

1. First reading: the bill is introduced and printed. There is no debate yet.
2. Second reading: members debate the general idea of the bill and vote on it.
3. Committee: a committee may hear from the public and experts, and can propose amendments.
4. Third reading: a final debate and vote on the bill as amended.
5. Royal Assent: the Lieutenant Governor signs the bill, and it becomes an Act.

When does it take effect?

An Act may take effect on Royal Assent, on a specific date, or on a day named later by proclamation. Parts of the same Act can start at different times.

Regulations

Many Acts allow the government to make regulations that fill in details. Regulations can be changed without a new vote in the Legislature.

How to take part

• Follow bills on the Legislative Assembly's website.
• Contact your MPP.
• Ask to speak to, or write to, the committee studying a bill.

Sources

• Legislative Assembly of Ontario: how a bill becomes law
• Ontario e-Laws

Read next: Federal or Provincial? Who Makes Which Laws in Canada

General Ontario legal information, not legal advice for your matter, and reading it does not create a retainer. Sources checked 16 October 2026: check the current law, forms and dates before you act.

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This article is general information for people in Ontario, not legal advice. Rules, forms and deadlines change, and every situation is different. Check the current rule or speak to a licensed legal professional before you act.